It’s summertime (almost), and time to shift to a hot, sunny-weather skin routine.
UVA dermatologist Dr. Mark Russell shares ideas for preventing sunburn, and for treating it if it occurs anyway. (UVA Health photo)
Summer means longer days, more time outdoors, and potentially more sun exposure. According to the National Recreation and Park Association, 96% of Americans spend time outside during the summer months, and 58% spend at least 30 minutes outdoors each day.
With increased sun exposure comes a greater need for skin protection. Dr. Mark Russell, a UVA Health dermatologist and Mohs surgeon who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of skin cancer, notes that, according to the American Academy of Dermatology Association, 1 in 5 people are diagnosed with skin cancer in their lifetime.
Russell answered some common questions about sunscreen, vitamin D, sunburn prevention and summer skin care for UVA Today.
The good news? Protecting your skin from the sun does not mean sacrificing healthy vitamin D levels.
Q. Does sunscreen prevent people from getting enough vitamin D?
A. Not usually.
While sunscreen is designed to block ultraviolet radiation – the same UV radiation that helps the body produce vitamin D – it does not block 100% of the sun’s rays. An SPF 30 sunscreen blocks about 97% of UV radiation, allowing a small amount to still reach the skin.
More importantly, vitamin D can be obtained safely through diet, fortified foods and supplements without exposing the skin to the harmful effects of UV radiation.
The same UV rays that stimulate vitamin D production are also responsible for sunburn, premature skin aging and an increased risk of skin cancer.
Q. What foods are high in vitamin D?
A. Vitamin D can be obtained through a variety of foods, including:
- Fatty fish such as salmon, tuna, sardines and mackerel
- Cod liver oil
- Egg yolks
- Fortified milk and plant-based milks
- Fortified orange juice
- Fortified breakfast cereals
- Yogurt and other fortified dairy products
For individuals who do not get enough vitamin D through food alone, supplements may be recommended after consultation with a healthcare provider.
Q. What changes should people make to their skin care routine during the summer months?
A. Warmer temperatures, higher humidity and increased sweating can all affect the skin.
Humidity helps keep skin hydrated and reduces the dryness commonly seen during winter. However, increased sweating can contribute to acne breakouts and folliculitis – red bumps due to inflammation of the hair follicles.
To help keep skin healthy during the summer:
- Shower regularly after heavy sweating or exercise.
- Choose lighter moisturizers, such as lotions or gels, that are less likely to clog pores.
- Drink water regularly, especially when spending time outdoors.
- Don’t wait until you feel thirsty to hydrate.
Q. What is the best way to prevent sunburn?
A. A comprehensive sun-protection strategy works best.
- Limit sun exposure during peak UV hours, generally between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m.
- Seek shade whenever possible.
- Wear a broad-brimmed hat (at least 3-inch brim) to protect the face, ears, scalp and neck.
- Consider lightweight, breathable, moisture-wicking long-sleeve shirts and pants with an ultraviolet protection factor, or UPF, rating of 50+.
- Apply a broad-spectrum sunscreen and reapply at least every two hours.
- Reapply more frequently when swimming or sweating.
Q. What should people do if they get a sunburn?
A. The first step is to get out of the sun as soon as possible.
To help relieve symptoms and support healing:
- Take a cool (not ice-cold) shower or use cool compresses.
- Use a gentle, fragrance-free, alcohol-free moisturizer.
- Drink plenty of fluids to replace lost water.
- Consider an over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medication, such as ibuprofen or naproxen, if medically appropriate.
Severe sunburns involving extensive blistering, fever, dehydration, dizziness or severe pain may require medical attention.
Q. Are there medications that can make skin more sensitive to the sun?
A. Yes. Many commonly prescribed medications can increase sensitivity to sunlight, making sunburn more likely.
Examples include certain:
- Antibiotics
- Acne medications, including topical retinoids such as Retin-A
- Heart and blood pressure medications
- Anti-inflammatory medications
- Diabetes medications
- Psychiatric medications
- Immunosuppressive medications
Patients should review medication labels and discuss potential sun sensitivity with their healthcare provider or pharmacist if they are unsure.
